04,03,2026 2 views
Due to the impact of last year's autumn flood, most wheat areas were late sown. Since the beginning of spring, temperatures have fluctuated greatly in various regions, and the seedling situation in the fields is complex, which is conducive to the occurrence of sheath blight, stripe rust, and stem base rot. According to the National Agricultural Technology Center's prediction, major wheat pests and diseases will generally occur more frequently in China in 2026. The risk of Fusarium head blight is high in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River and the southern wheat growing areas of the Huang Huai River; Stripe rust occurs moderately in some wheat areas in the southwest and Han River Basin; Stem rot disease is more prevalent in some wheat growing areas in the northern part of the Huang Huai River and the southern part of North China; Aphids tend to occur more frequently in some wheat growing areas of the Huang Huai Hai region. In order to effectively control the harm of pests and diseases and support the large-scale yield increase of wheat, this plan is specially formulated.
Prevention and control strategies
Adhere to adapting measures to local conditions, implementing policies according to zones, and providing classified guidance. Based on the seedling situation, pest and disease situation, weather, and key areas, propose targeted prevention and control plans, highlighting prevention and control, green prevention and control, and unified prevention and control. The simultaneous promotion of pest and disease prevention, yield improvement, and promotion of strong seedlings and quality assurance ensures that the loss rate of pest and disease hazards is controlled within 5%.
Key prevention and control targets
（1） North China Wheat Region.Mainly caused by stem rot, sheath blight, powdery mildew, and aphids, while also considering diseases and pests such as rust, Fusarium head blight, wheat spider mites, and aphids.
（2） Huanghuai wheat region.Mainly affected by diseases such as Fusarium head blight, stem rot, stripe rust, sheath blight, aphids, and wheat spiders, while also considering diseases such as powdery mildew, leaf rust, and root rot. Pay attention to the prevention of yellow mosaic virus disease in the wheat growing areas of southern Huang Huai region.
（3） The wheat growing area in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River.Mainly affected by Fusarium head blight, sheath blight, and aphids, while also considering diseases and pests such as rust, powdery mildew, and wheat spiders.
（4） Northwest wheat region.Mainly affected by stripe rust, stem rot, Fusarium head blight, and aphids, while also considering diseases and pests such as powdery mildew and wheat spider mites; Pay attention to the prevention and control of Fusarium wilt disease in wheat growing areas of Xinjiang in spring.
（5） Southwest wheat region.Mainly affected by stripe rust, Fusarium head blight, and aphids, while also considering diseases and pests such as powdery mildew and wheat spiders.
prevention and control measures
（1） Returning to the period of rejuvenation and growth.Focusing on the prevention and control of stripe rust, sheath blight, and stem rot, selecting and treating aphids and wheat spiders.Regarding stripe rust,We need to strengthen disease monitoring and implement zoning prevention and control. In the southwest, Han River Basin, Guanzhong in Shaanxi, Longnan in Gansu and other mushroom source areas, it is necessary to fully implement the measures of "carrying drugs for investigation and covering the area", timely block the affected fields, and delay the spread of mushroom sources to the Huang Huai wheat area. In the spring epidemic areas of Huanghuai, it is necessary to strengthen monitoring and early warning, as well as dynamic analysis of occurrence, adhere to the principle of "discovering one point, preventing and controlling one area", and timely control the disease center; When the average leaf disease rate in the field reaches 0.5% -1%, emergency prevention and control measures should be organized to achieve full coverage of prevention and control in similar areas. Medications such as tebuconazole, propiconazole · tebuconazole, fluconazole, pyraclostrobin, triazolone, and pyrimidine nucleoside antibiotics can be used.For stem base diseases such as wheat stem rot and sheath blight,Spray to prevent and cure from turning green to jointing stage. The incidence of stem rot disease in the field reaches 5%, and pesticides such as propiconazole, propiconazole · tebuconazole, tebuconazole · thiamethoxam, and tebuconazole can be used for prevention and control; The incidence of sheath blight in the field reaches 10%, and chemical agents such as thiamethoxam, tebuconazole, propiconazole, tebuconazole, oxime bacteria and tebuconazole, or biological agents such as jinggangmycin and polymyxin can be used for prevention and control. When applying pesticides to prevent stem base diseases, it is recommended to increase the amount of water and use a self-propelled spray barsprayerWait for the machinery and focus on spraying the base of wheat stems to ensure the effectiveness of prevention and control.Regarding the wheat spider,When the average number of mites per 33cm reaches 200 or more than 6 per plant, abamectin, bifenthrin, biphenyl triazophos and other pesticides are used for spray control. At the same time, the number of mites can be reduced through field management measures such as the control of weeds such as Lolium multiflorum and reasonable fertilization.Regarding aphids,When the number of aphids per hundred plants reaches 200, single or compound agents such as fipronil, furosemide, thiamethoxam, thiamethoxam, and beta cyhalothrin can be used for spray control.
（2） The heading and flowering period.Mainly to prevent wheat Fusarium head blight, taking into account rust, powdery mildew, aphids, and aphids.Areas with perennial prevalence of Fusarium head blight, such as the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River and the southern part of the Huang Huai River,The first chemical application should seize the critical period from tasseling to early flowering; The period of biological pesticide control can be advanced to the early stage of heading, and chemical pesticides can be used for supplementary control during the flowering period depending on the situation. Cyanobacter ester or propiconazole and their compounds, fluazithromycin, thalidomide, propiconazole · tebuconazole, pyrazole ether fungicide, oxime bacteria · tebuconazole, clove · tebuconazole and other chemical agents can be used for prevention and control, or combined with biological agents such as Jinggang · Fusarium graminearum, tetracycline, Bacillus subtilis and so on. If it rains 4-6 hours after spraying, it should be promptly treated; If there is continuous rainy weather during the heading and flowering period, it is necessary to alternate the use of medication every 5-7 days to ensure the effectiveness of prevention and control. Pyrazole ether fungicide, oxime bacteria · tebuconazole and other pan alcohol oxidase inhibitors should be used in the early flowering stage to reduce the accumulation of gibberellin; In areas with high levels of resistance to benzimidazole pesticides, the use of fungicides such as carbendazim and methyl thiophanate should be stopped, and rotation of medication should be promoted.Wheat rust and powdery mildew are common areas,Can be combined with Fusarium head blight for simultaneous prevention; When the disease rate of powdery mildew in the field reaches 10% and the disease rate of rust in the field reaches 0.5% -1%, fungicides such as propiconazole, propiconazole, tebuconazole, and fluconazole should be used for prevention and control. If severe outbreaks occur in the field, the application of pesticides should be rotated every 7-10 days for prevention and control.For wheat midge,We should focus on the prevention and control of adult insects during the heading stage. In the early stage of heading, when there are more than 20 adult insects in the field every 10 days, timely use insecticides such as imidacloprid, high-efficiency cyhalothrin, and chlorfluazuron for prevention and control. In the high-risk areas, change the insecticides every 3 days and control again to ensure the effectiveness of prevention and control.
When the number of aphids in the field is more than 500, single or compound agents such as fipronil, furosemide, thiamethoxam, thiamethoxam, and beta cyhalothrin are used for spray control. In areas where conditions permit, it is advocated to release natural enemies such as pygmy wasps for biological control.
（3） Grouting period.Focus on preventing and controlling aphids, powdery mildew, and rust, as well as responding to late stage dry hot winds, premature aging, etc. For powdery mildew, rust, etc., fungicides such as tebuconazole, propiconazole · tebuconazole, and thalonil are selected; For aphids, choose fluazinam, efficient cyhalothrin, thiamethoxam, etcinsecticideIn response to weather conditions such as premature aging and dry hot winds, spraying plant growth regulators such as brassinolide and iron chlorin, or foliar fertilizers such as potassium dihydrogen phosphate can be combined with wheat's "one spray, three prevention" for comprehensive prevention and control.
key technology
（1） Wheat promotes the transformation from weak to strong.At present, the seedling situation in the main wheat producing areas in China is complex, and it is necessary to implement policies based on zoning and classification. For fields with delayed sowing dates, high soil moisture, and poor seedling conditions, combined with prevention and control during the greening and jointing stage, plant growth regulators and immune inducers such as gibberellins, amino oligosaccharides, iron chlorin, brassinolide (sterols), or immune activating proteins can be added to timely promote seedling transformation and enhance wheat's stress resistance; At the same time, strengthen the investigation of field diseases and pests. If multiple diseases and pests occur simultaneously, targeted pesticides or broad-spectrum pesticides can be selected for simultaneous treatment.
（2） Wheat is subject to "one spray, three defenses".As a key measure for preventing pests and diseases and increasing yield in wheat in the middle and later stages, "one spray and three prevention" should be used in accordance with local wheat growth conditions, climate conditions, and the characteristics of pest and disease occurrence and harm. Each region should guide the selection of efficient and effective spraying and prevention inputs, such as propiconazole, thiamethoxam, brassinolide (sterol), potassium dihydrogen phosphate and other fungicides, insecticides, plant growth regulators, foliar fertilizers, and barrel mixed additives. Scientific mixing and comprehensive application should be carried out to clarify the spraying and prevention time nodes, improve the quality and control effect of "one spray and three prevention" operations, and achieve the goal of preventing pests and diseases, increasing yield, and promoting product quality.
（3） Precision medicine improves quality and efficiency.During critical periods of disease and pest occurrence, each wheat region strengthens the exchange and sharing of information on regional epidemic disease and pest monitoring, selects targeted pesticides based on the type of disease and pest occurrence, scientifically mixes plant growth regulators, immune inducers, etc. to enhance stress resistance. Promote self-propelled spray bar spray, plant protection drone and other efficient pesticide application machinery, add corresponding additives with sedimentation, anti evaporation and other functions, and use plant protection drone to prevent and control the amount of pesticide application per mu of more than 2 liters.
