Garbage incineration flue gas treatment equipment

Garbage incineration flue gas treatment equipment

At present, China's waste incineration technology is not very mature, but we have also discovered many good flue gas treatment technologies through continuous exploration and progress. At the same time, we have also referred to the national waste incineration technology and taken certain measures to address the air pollution caused by waste incineration.

1、 Deacidification method

There are many processes for treating the flue gas generated by garbage incineration power generation, but there are mainly three methods for deacidification of flue gas treatment: dry deacidification, wet deacidification, and semi dry deacidification. The main harmful gas in garbage incineration is the presence of a large amount of acidic gas. Therefore, the above three deacidification methods can reduce most of the pollution in the flue gas. Firstly, dry deacidification and semi dry deacidification are literally different. The difference between the two is that dry deacidification directly involves the deacidification reaction of a dry deacidification agent (mostly hydrated lime powder) under high temperature conditions, while semi dry deacidification involves the deacidification reaction of a solution form deacidification agent (alkaline agent or calcium hydroxide solution) under high temperature conditions. The liquid deacidification agent is sprayed into the reaction tower and the fine solution particles are fully mixed with the flue gas to react and deacidification, and then the water in the high-temperature evaporation solution is used. The semi dry deacidification method is relatively simple and has high deacidification efficiency. In terms of capital investment, this method has a wide range of applications in the treatment of waste incineration flue gas. And another wet deacidification method has a certain effect, which is good for deacidification, but still has its shortcomings. Most wet deacidification processes involve the reaction of solution and acidic gas after spraying, which not only requires a large investment but also requires subsequent treatment of the generated wastewater.

2、 Bag filter

Bag filter is an important means of treating waste incineration power generation flue gas, greatly improving air quality. The existing dust removal technologies mainly include electrostatic precipitators and bag filters. Firstly, the electrostatic precipitator. The working principle of an electrostatic precipitator is the ionization of gases in the atmosphere. The strong electric field generated by a magnetic field allows gases to decompose into ionized dust consisting of ions and free electrons. These substances will be absorbed by the electric field plate during garbage incineration and power generation, and finally eliminated through a dust removal system. Electric dust collectors have advantages and disadvantages in practical applications, especially in terms of generally high dust removal efficiency, easy operation, and no pollution to the environment. However, the equipment is expensive and has weak applicability in actual dust treatment. Bag filter. Bag filters are widely used in practical dust removal work. Meanwhile, bag filters are divided into two types: bag filters and electric bag filters. Bag filter is a type of dust collector that uses the filtering principle to filter out dust particles from the flue gas generated by garbage incineration, and then remove them from the dust removal system. Compared with electrostatic precipitators, bag filter equipment has obvious advantages. It occupies a small area, but has a small impact on the environment, high work efficiency, and is easier to replace and maintain in the later stage. Another type of electric bag filter mainly combines the advantages of electrostatic precipitators and bag filters, comprehensively utilizing electromagnetic fields and filtering principles to process dust and achieve dust removal effects.

3、 Garbage incineration pyrolysis method

Finally, it is worth mentioning a waste incineration technology called pyrolysis method, which heats waste in a pyrolysis device under isolated air conditions, decomposes organic matter, and converts it into gas. After the gas enters the heat exchange of the waste heat boiler, the superheated steam enters the turbine for power generation. This method is another waste incineration theory developed in the past 10-20 years. Compared to fluidized bed and mechanical grate types, this type of furnace has a simple structure, no moving parts, and relatively inexpensive equipment technology investment, making it very promising. Its products are represented by companies in the United States and Canada. However, it is difficult to apply it in the context of the lack of widespread classification of garbage in China.