China has a large population and vast territory, undergoing tremendous changes and moving towards a brighter future. Since the reform and opening up, the Chinese economy has grown at an annual rate of 8%. However, while the economy is developing rapidly, serious problems have also emerged, such as fire incidents. In recent years, there has been a sharp increase in fires in China, which has attracted nationwide and even * attention. In 2004, a total of 252704 fires occurred nationwide, resulting in 2558 deaths, 2969 injuries, and direct property losses of 1.67 billion yuan (excluding forest, grassland, military, and underground mine fires). It is urgent to strengthen the research on fire equipment and technology in order to reduce fire losses.
1、 Social environment and current situation
Firefighting equipment is an important tool for people to fight against fires. *People attach great importance to the research and production of fire equipment industry, and China's fire equipment industry has achieved great development after more than 20 years of reform and opening up.
On February 20, 1995, the State Council officially issued the "Outline of Fire Protection Reform and Development", which outlined a fire protection blueprint with Chinese characteristics and will be the fire protection development plan for China entering the 21st century. The outline clearly requires that "by 2010, China's fire protection industry should reach the world's average level", and "develop fire protection technology and improve fire protection equipment".
Fire fighting technical equipment can be divided into four categories according to the use function: personal protection equipment for firefighters, rescue equipment (demolition, climbing, lifesaving, fire detection, etc.), fire extinguishing equipment and equipment (fire extinguishers, water absorbers, water ejectors, fire pumps, fire engines, fire boats, fire planes, tanks, robots, etc.), and fire extinguishing agents (water, foam, etc.).
Gong An * dui divides firefighting equipment into two categories: special equipment and personal protective equipment for firefighters. Special equipment includes fire trucks, reconnaissance, rescue, surveillance, dismantling, leak prevention, transmission, decontamination, communication, lighting and smoke exhaust, and other categories; Firefighters' personal protective equipment includes categories such as firefighter respiratory protective equipment, firefighter suits, and other protective gear.
Firefighting technology equipment directly constrains or determines the tactical methods used in firefighting and the results of implementing tactics. The determining factor for the success or failure of fire extinguishing is the exertion of human physical and intellectual abilities, which must be demonstrated through tools. Therefore, firefighting equipment plays a very important role in fire extinguishing.
Since the founding of the People's Republic of China, especially since the reform and opening up, China's fire equipment industry has achieved great success. It has initially formed a relatively complete equipment manufacturing system based on fire vehicles, on-board accessories, and auxiliary fire special equipment. Some foreign enterprises have gradually entered the Chinese market, basically meeting the needs of equipment construction for Chinese public and professional fire brigades. Taking fire trucks as an example, as of the end of 1999, there were a total of 19152 on duty fire trucks in China, including 9614 public fire brigades and 9358 enterprise dedicated fire brigades, which was 27.3 times higher than before liberation and an increase of 42.8% compared to 1978 before the reform. Enterprises such as Suzhou Jetta, Anhui Mingguang, Jinzhou Heavy Industry, Xuzhou Heavy Industry, and Sichuan Fire Machinery General Factory have been formed, and some products have also been exported abroad, creating considerable economic and social benefits.